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First Conviction in Colombia for Trafficking in Persons for Domestic Servitude

First Conviction in Colombia for Trafficking in Persons for Domestic Servitude

9 January 2019 - The first conviction for Trafficking in Persons for domestic servitude was handed down in Colombia in September 2018. The case was led by a Prosecutor who participated in a UNODC training and based her legal arguments before the court on concepts she had learned in the training, including the concept of abuse of a position of vulnerability. The judicial decision of the case refers to a relevant UNODC Issue Paper.

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Need of practical orientation of education in Pakistan:

Need of practical orientation of education in Pakistan:

Education is largely considered formal, a concept that shapes capitalized from the top down. Formalized education flows start with an organization that offers authorization and then provides resources and groupings that meet that articulated objectives. On the other hand learning starts with individuals. The craving to learn, a natural longing, is often constructed as unceremonious learning and comes from individuals or groups with interests, who may categorize and access assets in quest of that importance.

So we can say the term education, we mean learning in the classroom to acquire certain knowledge. Education does not equal to schooling, but it indicates to what a person gains while he is in any educational institute. It is designed to transport knowledge about facts, actions, values, beliefs, principles, etc, to the students.

On the other hand training is nothing but learning by put into practice. It is a well-planned line up aimed at emergent specific skills and comprehension of the manpower. It is a common concept of human resource development where an attempt is made to recover the performance, output and capability of the existing and potential employees through learning. The curriculum is specifically designed by the organization to achieve explicit goals. So the need of practical orientation of education is solution of unemployment in Pakistan.

Functions of Education:

Ø  Impart new knowledge to learners.

Ø  Endow with the necessary environment for vigorous learning to take place.

Ø  Recognize and aid the needs of learners physically, academically.

Ø  Evaluate progress and offer support for the students.

Ø  Teaching takes place in a framework that the teacher provides with intellectual learning.

Functions of Training:

Ø  On the job skills based enlargement.

Ø  Excellence training that meets the requirements of the company.

Ø  A prospect to step up development and perk up individual performance.

Ø  A chance to provide the academically sound employee with the practical utensils for the job.

Similarities between Teaching and Training:

1.      Purpose of teaching and training is to educate another person to improve their capacity to understand key issues, gain skills and develop academically.

2.      Teaching and training aim to improve the knowledge and understanding of subjects that require learning by the pupil or trainee. 

3.      The objective is to reach inquiring minds with information for them to process.  Mature students can benefit from further growth through learning the skills the company requires through training.

4.      There are two target groups, pupils in schools and younger minds and more mature students or employees.   Sometimes the art of teaching can be counting and encompassed in the art of training. 

5.      A teacher can teach and train her pupils and the trainer can focus on practical skills as well as impart knowledge.  Therefore the target groups of learners can create use of both teaching and training. 

Differences between Education and Training:

Teaching is the enlightening of information and concepts and ideas.  It is an academic approach to learning	Training is the practical allocation of skills to perk up on the learner’s performance
Teaching usually takes place in a classroom setting	Training generally takes place in the work setting or exercise instruction field
Teachers are skilled to teach at teaching institutions	Trainers are often mentors in the work place who have the capability to offer on the employment training.
Teaching gives students  new facts	Trainers put in skills onto existing facts
Teachers give reports and feedback to learners to examine development and growth	Trainers are given feedback from the trainees to develop on their performance and growth
Teaching is restricted  in its focus	Training will center on detailed skills.
Education is to enquire theoretical knowledge	Training is refers to inculcating precise skills in an individual.
Education prepares a individual for upcoming job and challenges.	Conversely, The training prepares a person for the nearby job.
Education, aimed at to develop a sense of interpretation and judgment	As opposed to, the purpose of training is to improve the performance and output of employees.
Education, teaches about the universal or general concepts.	Unlike during training, an individual learns, how to do a specific or definite task

Literacy rate in Pakistan:

According to recent research Pakistan’s overall literacy rate remains stagnant at 58% with literacy rate of males 70% and 48 % of females, as due to the residents and accommodation survey, the Pakistan communal and Living Standards extent was not carried out for 2017-18. According to the Pakistan Economic Survey, 2017-2018, the literacy rate for whole Pakistan, includes ten years old and above is 58 %t. The countrywide net enrollment for prime level for overall Pakistan stand at 54% while Punjab leading the rest with 59 %, followed by Khyber Pakhtunkhwa with 53%, Sindh by 48% and Balochistan 33%.

Pakistan Unemployment Rate:

Unemployment Rate in Pakistan remained same at 5.90% in 2017 from 5.90% in 2016. Unemployment Rate in Pakistan averaged 5.49 %t from 1985 until 2017, reached at 7.80 %in 2002 and a record near to the ground of 3.10% in 1987.

Causes of Unemployment in Pakistan:

There is bounty of causes or in other words reasons for unemployment. The education system in Pakistan has been in point of fact poor since the foundation of Pakistan. Unfortunately any government since independence takes striking steps to make the education system healthier. Education system in Pakistan is unstable. It has been seen even talented students left study due to injustice and prejudice of system. You will observe many technical educational institutions are being found which are only selling degrees because technical education which is being given in these institutions has no worth, therefore people are wondering about for jobs due to be deficient of experience and  skills

Solution of Unemployment in Pakistan:

Without qualitative change in the policies, procedures and practices of the present structure of education, we cannot anticipate for actual growth in psycho-social as well as socioeconomic realms. Identification of unusual talent and skill should be endeavored through our education. We need to comprehend the significance of education for development and prosperity. In today’s challenging world, we need to act swiftly to make up for the lost opportunities. Here are some solutions accordingly:

1.      The first thing to do to decrease unemployment in Pakistan is the proper planning by the government of Pakistan.

2.      The education system of Pakistan should be identical and organized.

3.      Well recognized training and technical institutions are need to be established where skills programs are presented.

4.      Retirement age should be at least 55 years.

5.      Eradicate energy crisis so that investor comes to Pakistan thus job placement will robotically be created.

6.      There should be peace and serenity across the country so foreigners will not hesitate to come and to invest in Pakistan.

7.      The agriculture sector should be urbanized and developed.

8.      Jobs should be given entirely on intrinsic worth and merit.

9.      Persuade multinational companies to trade in Pakistan.

10.  Family planning centers should be opened to manage and control the over flow population.

E-rozgar is the best example of unemployment solution:

Chief Minister Punjab has determined to launch E-Rozgaar centers in 36 districts of Punjab to give training to potential freelancers and improve their professional capabilities. Through this initiative Government of Punjab will support the youth in earning reasonable and sustainable income. One of the chief objectives of this venture is to offer training opportunities to youth for self-employment via internet based freelancing.

Conclusion:

On the whole we can say Teaching and Training go hand in hand on many ways and occasions.  Most people perceive teaching as the act of imparting knowledge to young minds and training the contribution in skills based learning and practice.  However, teaching can apply at any age and training can be a skill leant from first to last teaching at any level.  Teaching, as a form of education, is more intellectual and academic and knowledge based while training is more convenient, practical and skills based or job focused.  Teaching is a profession and teachers are trained to teach core curriculum as well as motivate learning through a explicit environment.  Training’s focus is on acquiring a skill or learning a definite job.  It also applies to improving one’s strength or prowess at a particular sport through training with practical and diet.

Training thus helps in imparting job-related skills in the recruits and individuals so that they can do the job professionally and productively. Training can be on-the-job or off-the-job, paid or unpaid, part time or full time, depending on the agreement with the company or employer. At the end of the program, the individuals are tested by observing, what they learned during training. We can describe our topic in one line as under:

“Education is what people do to you. Learning is what you do for yourself”

What I can say is that after sixteen years of education, I have become strongly convinced that there is a paradigm shift underway. One in which technology is acting as a catalyst and vehicle for an explosion in the construction and publication of free learning resources. There is a natural divide appearing — with different stops on the means to education and learning. So we need education based learning or training which will help us in decreasing unemployment rate in our country.

References:

https://tradingeconomics.com/pakistan/unemployment-rate

Transgender rights are human rights.

Transgender rights are human rights.

T

ransgender rights are human rights. Human rights are the basic rights and freedom that belong to every person in the world, from birth until death. They apply regardless of where you are from, what you believe or how you choose to live your life. Freedom infect mean the supremacy of human rights everywhere, for everyone. Human rights are for all of us, all the time: whoever we are and wherever we are from; no matter our class, our opinions, our sexual orientation. Our hopes for a more just, safe, and peaceful world can only are achieved when there is universal respect for the inherent dignity and equal rights of all members of the human family. Transgender are also human beings. They should be given all human rights.

United Nations
Universal Declaration of Human Rights

Here I’m going to point out some basic human rights such as under:

·         Right to life

·         Ban on discrimination

·         Ban on torture

·         Innate freedom and equality

·         Right to public hearing

·         Right to education

·         Right to own property

·         Right to freedom of assembly and association

·         Right to social and international order.

Violation of basic human rights to transgender and its impact:

All above mention rights are basic human rights which also applied on transgender community. But alas in our society and even the whole world these people are in miserable conditions. In our society a cross gender person is deprive of all these rights. Individuals who identify as transgender tend to experience higher rates of mental health issues than the general population. What's more, over 41 percent of Trans men and women are estimated to have attempted suicide — a rate that's nearly nine times as high as the rate of normal human beings. Mental disorders" among transgender individuals primarily arises in response to the discrimination, stigma, lack of acceptance, and abuse they face on an unfortunately regular basis. And it’s all because we deprive them off basic human rights. Its only our behavior that they are bound to just make dance and such activities their profession because we criticize them if they try to perform manual work to earn their bread.

Life of transgender in Pakistan:

Pakistan’s trans gender community (Khawaja Sira) community is one of the most oppressed and discriminated ones in the society. This discrimination begins from their families who banish them from their homes for being different and not fitting into the gender norms defined by societies. These homeless and banished individuals are then taken into shelter by the Guru-Chela system that exists in the transgender community. Under this system, the transgender lot, referred to as “Hijras” answer to a head figure called a Guru and work as beggars, sex workers and wedding dancers to earn money.

However, even if a transman or a transwoman does branch out of the Guru-Chela system, they are met with various hurdles. Apart from facing discrimination and bullying in schools, even if transmen/women get educated they face difficulties in finding a job, and enduring discrimination at workplaces once they do. Sexualisation of a transman/woman is rampant. From harassment in public places to gang rapes, humiliation and abuse is directed towards the transgender community across Pakistan.

Solution:

The solution to breaking these patterns of discrimination and oppression starts with acceptance. The reason why the transgender community is side lined is because of the first rejection that starts from their homes. Fix your family systems, educate parents and families around you that abusing or admonishing their child because of being different is by no means justified both morally and religiously.

The next step is fixing the society, and that change comes from you. Do not demean a Khawaja Sira the next time you see them, do not call your friend a “khusra” as an insult, and refuse to believe in the stereotypes that sexualize trans-people. These are small attitudinal changes that collect to form collective social thinking.

Know that gender is not binary. Talk to trainwoman/men, make conversation, invite them for lunch, and help them find jobs. This awareness will slowly translate to laws and policies that protect transgender communities and provide them education and employment opportunities. Laws will ensure that workplace discrimination or violence against a transgender person will not go unpunished and will pave way for safer public spaces for trans-people. Integration of the transgender community is not easy and it is surely not a quick process, but the change begins at home and the change begins with you

Human rights are transgender rights:

I want to mention some basic human rights which should be given to trans gender community

1^st of all, all above mention rights are transgender rights. But unfortunately especially in our society and also in whole world such transgender babies are even not accepted on birth. Even their parents are unable to accept them and to bring them up due to think what people say to know that their child is Trans gender. Most of them give him/her to that community and forget if they have a baby. So they are not even providing a basic right to life. This should be given to them by think that they are also human beings and creature of Allah Almighty.

2^nd comes education. They are not giving education right in our society. You can found there isn’t any option in our school admission form, in Colum of gender for trans genders. It’s a unbearable violation of human rights.

3drly workplace discrimination is also important. Trans gender individual should have equal rights to work in Government and private organizations, Government should fix some seats for them in all fields according to their education or to give them technical and non technical trainings. And the co-workers should respect them and treat them as human being and they shouldn’t discriminate them.

4thly transgender should be providing medical advocacy and treatment. Because now they even have certain treatments. Because now a days after having transformation hormone therapy treatments. After having such treatments and medication trans genders could be more comfortable and could spend their life like other human beings. What they need is just advocacy and psychological therapy to came into their comfort zone and spend a normal life.

5thly, trans genders are creature of God. They have to right to worship him. No one should make fun of them while they came for worshiping to their God either in Mosques, Churches, etc. And most importantly they should be given proper funeral rituals like other human beings with all dignity they deserve. People should attend their funerals as they do for other human beings.

Last but not the least they should have the right to be married and having family. Because it’s also basic right of marriage which applies them as being human.

Vision of Islam about transgender:

The Qur’an is clear on genetic determinations by pointing out that Allah is the “One who shapes you in the wombs as He pleases.” (Qur’an 3:6). All shapes, that is, all physical traits including sexual characteristics and inclinations of a human being, come with the pleasure and permission of Allah.” Every child — male, female, or transgender—has the equal blessings of God and there is no justification for parents, courts, or governments to engage in gender-based ill-treatment.

Pakistani drama Khuda Mera bhi He:

                                 

 

Khuda Mera Bhi Hai is a Pakistani drama serial that aired on ARY Digital from 22 October 2016 to 10 April 2017.The serial is written by Asma Nabeel, and produced by Sana Shahnawaz. It stars Ayesha Khan, Syed Jibran, Furqan Qureshi, Saba Hamid, Alyy Khan, Mehmood Aslam, Hira Tareen and others. The drama revolves around Mahagul (played by Ayesha Khan), a mother who gives birth to an intersex child named Noor (played by Furqan Qureshi), and the resulting challenges she faces in her family and society – where acceptance of the third gender remains a taboo. Her serial has received critical acclaim for its bold story line, and the "important questions" it raises regarding communal attitudes towards trans gender peoples in Pakistan. Mahwash Badar of The Express Tribune called it a "game changer", while praising the themes touched by the drama such as "domestic abuse, how divorce is considered taboo, social pressures, and most importantly, the rights of transgender people and intersex individuals in the Pakistani society.

Conclusion:

In a net shell I want to appeal to Government and to international human rights commission without delay, they should pass the Equality Act, which would amend federal legislation including the Civil Rights Act, and the Affordable Care Act to explicitly provide protection against discrimination on the basis of “sex” to explicitly include “sexual orientation and gender identity.” This would clarify for the courts and for all federal agencies, educational institutes, health departments, work places, and others, to give equal access to employment, education, health care, and other essential services to transgender, as it’s their right as being human.

References:

https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-truth-about-exercise-addiction/201612/why-transgender-people-experience-more-mental-health

https://www.huffingtonpost.com/liaquat-ali-khan/transgender-dignity-in-is_b_10089712.html